In order to deliver IP packets to the destination host on an Ethernet LAN,
the gateway router translates the IP address to a MAC address using ARP. Is
ARP part of the data link layer or the network layer?
Do virtual circuit subnets need to use a routing algorithm that finds a
path from any source to any destination? If so, at what point during a
virtual circuit connection would this algorithm be needed?
Under what circumstances might a packet be delivered to the wrong
destination or get lost in transit at the network layer?
A subnet has the same topology as given in Figure 5.13 on page 363. The
routers receive the following new link state packets:
(A, SEQ, Age, B 7, E 3), (B, SEQ, Age, A 7, C 4, F 4),
(C, SEQ, Age, B 4, D 5, E 2), (D, SEQ, Age, C 5, F 6),
(E, SEQ, Age, A 3, C 2, F 10), (F, SEQ, Age, B 4, D 6, E 10).
Compute the new shortest path(s) from A to all other routers.
Describe how choke packets and load shedding differ for congestion control
in datagram subnets.
Describe how tunneling can be used in a datagram subnet.
An ISP offers static IP services over DSL. In their advertisement, they
say they will allocate an 8 address subnet for each subscriber.
What is the netmask for this subnet?
Will all 8 addresses be available for use by the user? Explain your answer.
A router has received 206.45.68.0/22, 206.45.72.0/22 and 206.45.76.0/22.
All use the same outgoing line. Can the router aggregate them? If so, give
the aggregated address. If not, explain why not.
A router has an aggregated block with the address 19.28.0.0/17. A set of
1024 addresses within that block, 19.28.60.0 to 19.28.63.255, is assigned to
a different outgoing line than the rest of the block. Will the router have to
deaggregate 19.28.0.0/17? Explain your answer.
A router has the following entries in its routing table: